Berlin remained the last open crossing in the significantly militarised and airtight "internal-German" border. On 13 August 1961, the East German (GDR) Management closed the border just months soon after East German chief Walter Ulbricht mentioned in a push conference "Niemand hat die Absicht eine Mauer zu errichten" (no person https://bbcnewsz.de/rum-tasting-berlin-ein-erlebnis-fur-genieser/